levitra generico viagra vendita libera sildenafil 50 mg cialis kopen citrate de sildenafil compro sildenafil acheter cialis pharmacie cialis pharmacie viagra prescrizione comprar viagra pela internet levitra en pharmacie vendo cialis acheter cialis generic zithromax prix cialis indien cialis 10mg compro cialis viagra indien acquistare levitra sildenafil bestellen cialis venta libre prix de cialis kamagra pharmacie sildenafil rezeptfrei achete levitra disfunzione erettile rimedi viagra generique vardenafil bestellen cialis ordonnance levitra senza ricetta achat cialis generique cura impotenza pastilla levitra vendo viagra viagra vendita italia generique du viagra achat viagra costo viagra impotenza cure cialis meilleur prix generische viagra kamagra te koop prozac sans ordonnance accutane generique viagra donne viagra europe medicament levitra levitra rezeptfrei vente cialis viagra bestellen sildenafil venta libre acheter clomid en france cialis pharmacie prix comprar cialis generico acquisto viagra in contrassegno vardenafil generico viagra ohne rezept commander du cialis sildenafil precio cialis venta viagra te koop cialis en ligne viagra suisse levitra effet secondaire achat cialis en ligne trouver du levitra kamagra en france viagra italia commande levitra cialis generico sicuro commande viagra levitra te koop acquisto levitra acquista levitra compra viagra acheter tadalafil cialis receta cialis livraison rapide viagra recensioni levitra venta libre achat kamagra citrato di sildenafil kamagra rezeptfrei kamagra apcalis compro viagra cialis donne venta de levitra cialis sans prescription cialis te koop vente de cialis acheter du kamagra comprar levitra impuissance homme compro levitra comprar viagra generico acheter cialis sur internet cialis vente libre procurer du viagra sildenafil generique acheter viagra pas chere cialis svizzera prezzi levitra comprar sildenafil cialis ohne rezept acheter zyban cialis sur ordonnance acheter cialis moins cher acquistare cialis acquisto viagra italia cialis vente libre pastilla viagra medicament viagra cialis generico 10 mg propecia moins cher acheter kamagra france propecia generique tadalafil bestellen viagra svizzera receta viagra traitement impuissance levitra prix levitra sans ordonnance pilule viagra commander du viagra ordina levitra vente levitra sildenafil venta sildenafil kaufen cialis generique levitra donna viagra 100 mg cialis suisse levitra generique

Ed Morrison · Insights into Chinese corruption networks

August 4th, 2009

aleba-lantian-blocked-door-550

Here are some lessons I have learned about Chinese corruption from our small water project:

  • The corruption requires a marriage between a criminal gang (to intimidate) and a network of corrupt local officials (to manipulate a weak legal system) — The criminal gang, by itself, only intimidates. It’s in the retail corruption business. The criminal gang can only get the scale with the collusion of corrupt public officials. These officials provide the leverage to pull off large-scale schemes.
  • The corruption generates huge profits to feed and reinforce the networks.– In Lantian county, the main scheme involves converting industrial land into residential development without 1) going through the legal procedures for changing the use of the land and 2) paying the County any fees. So far the total is about 250 million RMB, not chump change (that’s about $40 million in an economy where senior level administrators are paid about $12,000 a year.) Meanwhile, the County cannot find the money to pay the full pensions of its health care workers (about $200-$300 a month)
  • The corruption requires relatively small steps by individuals operating within the network.– In the United States, public corruption usually involves relatively simple transactions. In China, public corruption involves networks that both execute an illegal scheme and subsequently protect members of the network. Each member of the network takes a relatively small step, but taken together the corruption impacts are relatively large (a perverse network effect).
  • The court system offfers no protection; judges can easily be corrupted.– Given the amount of money flowing through these corruption networks, the court system doesn’t stand a chance.
  • The Communist Party does not have an effective way to supervise and discipline corrupt local officials.– When we went to the Lantian Bureau of Supervision and Discipline, we learned that Yang, the head of this office, is a close friend of Suen, the gangster who controls the county. Yang encouraged us to meet with Suen and his representatives. He had no interest in investigating anything. Rather, he was trying to find a way to diffuse a situation that could run out of control (and ultimately disrupt the network).
  • The entire focus of Communist Party intervention is to contain the controversy.– There is no effort to investigate, to vindicate legal rights, or to punish clearly illegal activity by public officials. The reason is simple. These networks stretch far and wide. They are self reinforcing. They are closed. If they can contain the controversy, nobody will get hurt (except, of course the pensioners).
  • Learning how corruption works in China requires penetrating deeply complex and hidden networks.– The only way I was able to identify corrupt acts by local officials was through my own trusted networks that I have developed over the past twelve years. There are a lot of good people in Lantian who want too be free of this evil.

    • You can learn more by visiting the web site I built last week: http://lantiancorruption.net

    Last 5 posts by Ed Morrison

    Random Posts

    Category: BFD
    Comments Off